3 Unfortunately, students with HFA in general education often struggle to achieve their full potential in secondary inclusive classroom settings. The term high-functioning autism (HFA) is not a formal diagnosis, but it is often used to describe individuals on the higher end of the spectrum who possess at least average intelligence and/or are served in general education. In the same respect, individuals on the higher end of the spectrum may have the intellectual ability to meet academic expectations, but communication and social skill deficits can adversely impact progress in traditionally inclusive classroom settings. Traditionally, individuals on the lower end of the spectrum have more obvious communication and/or social-behavioral needs and require intensive supports. 1 Evidence suggests that the prevalence of school-aged children in the United States with ASD may be increasing, and there may be cultural, ethnic and gender differences which may lead to students being undiagnosed or underdiagnosed with ASD. Autism is commonly referred to as a "spectrum" disorder because people with ASD can have a range of symptoms. Autism Spectrum Disorder Students in Inclusive Classroom SettingsĪutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by unusual patterns of behavior as well as deficits in social and communication skills.
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